Kazakhstan’s Ambitious Plan to Expand National Parks
Kazakhstan, one of the largest and most ecologically diverse countries in the world, has unveiled a bold initiative to significantly expand its network of national parks. This move is expected to add approximately 20,000 square kilometres of protected land by 2035, increasing the total area of protected natural spaces to around 332,000 square kilometres. To put that into perspective, this vast expanse surpasses the total land area of both Poland and Italy combined.
Known as the birthplace of the apple, Kazakhstan boasts an array of stunning natural wonders. These include the sweeping steppe landscapes, the striking red Charyn Canyon, the majestic Altai Mountains, and the unique Kaindy Lake, which features a submerged forest. The country is also deeply rooted in a rich nomadic culture, particularly in the tradition of eagle hunting, earning it the nickname “the land of the wanderers.”
Despite its breathtaking scenery and cultural heritage, Kazakhstan remains relatively under-visited, especially by adventure and nature enthusiasts. However, with the expansion of its national parks, this is expected to change, offering new opportunities for exploration and conservation.
Why Is Kazakhstan Expanding Its National Parks?
Kazakhstan has made significant investments in recent years to restore ecological balance and promote sustainable tourism. The expansion of national parks is part of a broader biodiversity strategy titled “The Concept for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological Diversity for 2026-2035.” This plan aims to protect the country’s unique landscapes, from the windy dunes of the Aral Karakum desert to the snow-capped peaks of the Tian Shan and the dense forests of the Karkaraly region.
A key component of the strategy involves increasing forest coverage. Around 8,000 square kilometres of woodland will be planted or restored, alongside the expansion of existing reserves. This effort is crucial for maintaining the country’s remarkable biodiversity, which includes more than 6,000 plant species and about 230 animal species. Some of these, such as the Bukhara deer, snow leopard, and goitered gazelle, are at risk of extinction.
The expansion of national parks is also expected to bring significant benefits to tourism. It could open up new opportunities for wildlife and birdwatching, as well as forest hiking. Additionally, ecosystems like the Aral Sea basin may see restoration efforts, promoting sustainable ecotourism. For instance, Kazakhstan is already planting saxaul trees in the dried bed of the Aral Sea to prevent further environmental damage.
Enhancing Tourism Infrastructure
To support the growing interest in eco-tourism, Kazakhstan plans to improve infrastructure for visitors. This includes the development of visitor centres, more glamping sites, and hiking and walking trails. Navigation signs will also be installed, particularly in areas such as the Ile-Alatau and Kolsai Lakes regions.
There will be a greater emphasis on horseback riding and remote eco-villages, with more tourist guides being trained to offer these experiences. These initiatives aim to provide a more immersive and authentic connection with Kazakhstan’s natural and cultural heritage.
Reintroducing Wildlife Species
In addition to expanding protected areas, Kazakhstan is working to reintroduce several wildlife species to help restore natural habitats. This includes tigers, kulans, and Przewalski’s horses. These efforts are essential for maintaining the ecological balance and ensuring the long-term survival of native species.
Through these ambitious plans, Kazakhstan is not only protecting its natural environment but also positioning itself as a premier destination for eco-tourism. As the country continues to develop its national parks and related infrastructure, it is set to attract more visitors who seek adventure, beauty, and a deeper understanding of the natural world.
